Are there really unforgivable sins?

Are there really unforgivable sins?

Are there really unforgivable sins?

Are there really unforgivable sins?
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Question: Do theologians believe that the sole offense against the Holy Spirit, a transgression that cannot be redeemed, is to deny repentance and reject God’s forgiveness until one’s death? I’ve been pondering this a lot recently and am curious about priests or assemblies of clergy who mislead even the faithful and who, in doing so, could lead souls to damnation. Are they not also culpable of the unforgivable sin against the Holy Spirit? I have been observing and listening to numerous troubling doctrines from clergy that oppose God, and I consider this to be so grave as to be beyond forgiveness.

Name, location withheld

Answer: You may be mistaking the “unforgivable sin” for grave sin. Even grave sins such as murder or heresy can receive forgiveness if genuine repentance is shown. More on that shortly. However, let’s examine what constitutes a sin against the Holy Spirit (cf. Mk 3:29).

St. Thomas Aquinas identifies six transgressions against the Holy Spirit: despair, presumption, contradicting the acknowledged truth, jealousy of another’s spiritual benefit, stubbornness in sin, and ultimate impenitence. Each of these shares a trait of a certain form of obstinate defiance or perseverance.

Six transgressions against the Holy Spirit

In hopelessness, we stubbornly deny the possibility that God can rescue us or that grace can uphold us in righteousness. Despair tenaciously clings to the idea that our situation is beyond redemption. This occurs for one of two reasons. Firstly, it acts as a justification to continue in sin, or secondly, it represents a form of arrogance that wrongly assumes one’s sin surpasses God’s grace. Additionally, there might be a deficiency in faith regarding God’s promises.

In assumption, we are sinfully and consistently overly confident in our capability to rescue ourselves, or that God will deliver us without any remorse or action from us. Consequently, we oppose the Holy Spirit’s warnings to align ourselves with God’s purpose.

By challenging established truths, we resist being compliant (instructive) and we hold onto mistakes through justification or by gathering educators who convey what our eager ears desire to listen to (cf. 2 Tim 4:3-4). Therefore, we oppose and challenge the sources of truth guided by the Holy Spirit, including Scripture and the sacred Tradition of the Church’s teachings and beliefs. To challenge means to contest, and in doing so, we oppose the voice of the Holy Spirit, who represents the voice of divine truth.

By coveting the spiritual virtues of others, we aim to diminish the sacred model set by saints and numerous individuals striving for spiritual lives, as we perceive it to diminish our own position in the eyes of others. We may achieve this through mockery or by attempting to tarnish the image of the ancient saints or the holy individuals who exist today. Continuously engaging in this behavior without remorse and restitution constitutes a sin against the Holy Spirit by jeopardizing His efforts.

Through stubbornness in our transgressions, we continue in them and oppose the nudges of the Holy Spirit to turn back and rely on God’s grace to achieve holiness.

Through ultimate impenitence, we oppose, until the conclusion of our existence, the Holy Spirit’s urging that we seek repentance.

Thus, in these manners the sin offending the Holy Spirit cannot be absolved either because we obstinately decline to repent and align ourselves with the truth, or we adamantly refuse to acknowledge our need for repentance. Ultimately, this constitutes a sin against the Holy Spirit and remains unforgivable because we are unwilling to seek forgiveness.

Sins of the clergy

As for the sins of clergy as you stated earlier, they are severe but are not per se offenses against the Holy Spirit. Yet, they could turn into such offenses since these clergy are on the verge of “denigrating the acknowledged truth,” which heretics and schismatics frequently do through their deceit and distortion of the acknowledged truth. They do this to entice others into their falsehood, often justifying their perspectives as pastoral, enlightened, or more “empathetic.” However, they are essentially denigrating ethical truth and setting it against love and compassion. They might also be stubbornly continuing to commit the offenses they trivialize, deem as virtuous, or even celebrate with pride. Moreover, they could be doing this until death, leading to a state of final unrepentance. Additionally, they may fall into despair by asserting that what God commands is too challenging for some to fulfill, even with divine assistance. They may also fall into presumption by overlooking the ramifications of sin that God himself cautions about.

If they are indeed clergy as you claim, they will face the strictest judgment, for to whom much is granted, much is also anticipated.

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